Issue 3/2023

Editor-in-Chief's Note

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Brief History of Administrative Litigation in Romania and China. – 3. Similarities and Differences Between Administrative Litigation Regulation in China and Romania. – 4. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Problems of defining and understanding of property rights. – 2.1. Definition of property rights under civil laws and codes. – 2.2. Understanding and methods of protection of property. – 3. Protection of property rights in Kosovo. – 3.1. Actio rei vindication. – 3.2. Actio publiciana (the lawsuit from the alleged property right). – 3.3. Actio nagatoria (negative lawsuit due to obstruction of ownership). – 4. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction and the Project Background. – 2. Key Speeches and Insights from the Speakers. – 3. Conclusions and Policy Paper. – Annex: Policy Paper ‘Addressing the needs of Ukraine: reform, reconstruction and recovery in post-war Ukraine’

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. The role of the main civil society actors in crisis areas. – 2.1. The role of young people in preventing extremism and terrorism that leads to war through civil society. – 2.2. The role of women in preventing extremism and terrorism leading to war through civil society. – 3. Community representatives in the prevention of PETW. – 3.1. The role of educators and educational institutions in PETW. – 3.2. Law enforcement services, preventive measures, and community policing PETW. – 3.3. University staff and their role in PETW. – 3.4. The sector of information technology (IT) and social media in their role towards PETW. – 4. Analysis of the adequate possibility of success by civil society in preventing extreme wars. – 5. Partnerships for peace. – 6. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Consolidated enforcement proceedings: legal nature and regulatory certainty. – 2.1. The current state of legislative regulation of consolidated enforcement proceedings and the practice of its application. – 2.2. Legislative prospects for the development of the institute of consolidated enforcement proceedings. – 3. Appeals against decisions, actions, or omissions of executors: jurisdictional affiliation and legal certainty. – 4. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Alternative general jurisdiction in the Republic of Moldova and Romania based on the parties’ restricted alternative procedural rights. – 3. General contractual jurisdiction in the Republic of Moldova and Romania based on the full alternative procedural law of the parties. – 4. The limits of exercising the alternative procedural right of the general jurisdiction in the Republic of Moldova and Romania. – 5. Result and conclusion

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. The main areas of possible application of AI systems in criminal proceedings. – 3. Basic principles of using AI systems in criminal justice and regulatory documents covering this issue. – 4. The problem of AI systems functioning in the context of fundamental human rights and freedoms. – 5. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 1.1 Patent rationales – 1.2 The inventive step – 1.3 Strict patent law – 1.4 Soft patent law – 1.5 Patent law in Saudi Arabia. – 2. The importance of incentive laws for the renewable energy sector – 2.1 Financial incentives rather than patent laws to develop the renewable energy sector. – 2.1.1 The Renewable Portfolio Standards (RPSs). – 2.1.2 Feed-in Tariff Policy (FIT). – 3. Lessons for Saudi Arabia. – 4. Conclusion.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Literature Review. – 3. The Legal Framework for the Right to Education of Refugee Children. – 4. National and International Efforts to Implement the Right to Education for Syrian Refugee Children in Jordan. – 5. The Reality of the Education of Syrian Refugee Children in Jordan and its Challenges. – 5.1 Economic Hardship. – 5.2 Safeguarding and Safety Concerns. – 5.3 Low Quality of Education. – 5.4 Obstacles Related to Educational Policies. – 6. Conclusions and Recommendations.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Why are the Western Balkans a Solid Ground for Russian Political Influence? – 3. Russian Influence in Serbia and its Reflected Scenarios in Kosovo. – 4. Conclusions

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Access to justice and access to court: challenges caused by war. – 3. Approaches to the principle of legal certainty. – 4. Views of Ukrainian scholars on the principle of legal certainty. – 5. Coordination of legal certainty and access to justice. – 5.1 Access to justice as an element of the rule of law along with legal certainty. – 5.2 Access to justice as a way of ensuring legal certainty. – 5.3 Access to justice and the influence of legal certainty requirements. – 6. Conclusion.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. “Ne Bis In Idem” Principle in the International Conventions. – 3. EU Law Concerning The Principle “Ne Bis In Idem.” – 4. “Ne Bis In Idem" Principle in Criminal Proceedings in Kosovo. - 4.1. Regulation of the principle with the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kosovo. – 4.2. Respecting the Principle of Ne Bis in Idem in Kosovo in the Trial of War Crimes. – 5. Conclusion.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Criticism Of Determinate Sentencing And The Non-Definition Of Education And Resocialisation In German Juvenile Criminal Law. – 3. The Indeterminate Sentence As A Solution Approach. – 4. Systems Theory And Individualisation Thesis Of Societies In The Legal Sphere, According To Luhmann, As A Theoretical Justification For The Reintroduction Of Indeterminate Sentencing. – 5. Discussion. – 6. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. The Adoption of the Civil Code of 1929 and its Affiliation According to Historical - Legal Studies. – 3. Description of Main Features of Different Civil Law Systems According to Most Prominent Authors of Western Countries. – 4. Civil Code of the Republic of Albania of 1994 – The Issue. – 5. Conclusion.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Review of the literature and initial prerequisites. – 2.1. Anti-money laundering: global trends. – 2.2. Stages of the evolution of the legal regime for cryptocurrencies in Ukraine. – 3. Methods. – 4. Results and Discussions. – 4.1. Submission of declarations is the duty of civil servants. – 4.2. Liability for violating the rules for submitting a declaration by a civil servant. – 4.3. Some decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine: mitigation of responsibility and levers of the fight against corruption. – 4.4. Declaration of cryptocurrencies by civil servants: statistical data. – 4.5. The beginning of the fight against the declaration of cryptocurrencies as a potential tool for money laundering by corrupt people. – 4.6.Generalisation of the result. – 5. Conclusions and Recommendations.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Activity of Prosecutor’s Office under Martial Law. – 2.1. Procedural Field. – 2.2. Cooperation Field. – 3. Civic Position and Destructions as Response of Prosecutor’s Office to War. – 3.1. Support of Defence Capability of the State. – 3.2. Destructions. – 4. Prospects for Prosecutor’s Office under Martial Law. – 5. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Child as a Protected Person Under the Slovak Criminal Code. – 3. Definition of Victim and Damaged. – 4. Child as a Particularly Vulnerable Victim. – 5. Child in the Process of Victimisation. – 6. Concluding Remarks.