Mandatory Mediation before Litigation in Civil and Commercial Matters: A European Perspective
Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. England and Wales. – 3. Italy. – 4. Germany. – 5. Austria. – 6. France. – 7. Spain. – 8. Norway. – 9. The Netherlands. – 10. Conclusions.
Abstract
AJEE Collection of Articles on Mediation
Nowhere in Europe are disputants forced to settle their civil or commercial disputes by way of mediation or any other form of alternative dispute resolution. Settlement is also completely voluntary in light of the fundamental right of access to court of Art. 6 of the European Convention of Human Rights.
This does not, however, mean that potential disputants may not be requested to attempt to settle their case before going to court, for example, by way of mediation, especially if strict time limits are observed for such procedure. In some European jurisdictions, attempting mediation or other forms of alternative dispute resolution before court action is initiated is mandatory, at least in certain cases.
The present contribution will focus on such preliminary mandatory mediation attempts in a selection of jurisdictions.
About Authors
Prof. Dr. Cornelis Hendrik (Remco) Van Rhee,
the Netherlands
On SSRN
Scopus
Academia.edu
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
The author declares there is no conflict of interest. Although the author serves in the AJEE Editorial Board, which may cause a potential conflict of interest or the perception of bias, the final decisions for the publication of this article, including the choice of peer reviewers, were handled by the editors and the other editorial board members.
DISCLAIMER
The author declares that he is involved in the project Pravo-Justice, Kiev, Ukraine. However, the opinions and views expressed in this article are his own.
CONTRIBUTORSHIP
The author is solely responsible for this study and the findings expressed in it.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This article is based on a comparative report on mediation written by the author for Pravo-Justice, Kiev, Ukraine (managed by Dovydas Vitkauskas and Oksana Tsymbrivska). The Ukrainian part of the report was written by Luiza Romanadze and Svetlana Sergeyeva. The author would like to thank John Sorabji and Wendy Kennett (England and Wales), Elisabetta Silvestri (Italy), Michael Stürner (Germany), Ulrike Frauenberger-Pfeiler (Austria), Blas Piñar Guzmán (Spain), Camilla Bernt and Magne Strandberg (Norway), and Rob Jagtenberg and Annie de Roo (Netherlands) for supplying information. Obviously, the author is responsible for any mistakes that remain.
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C.H. van Rhee ‘Mandatory Mediation before Litigation in Civil and Commercial Matters: A European Perspective’ 2021 4(12) Access to Justice in Eastern Europe 7–24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33327/AJEE-18-4.4-a000082
