Issue 4/2022

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. The Rule of Law in Times of Digital Technologies. – 3. Judicial Independence under the Influence of Digitalisation. – 4. The Algorithmisation of Decision-making. – 5. Conclusions.

Summary: – 1. Introduction. – 2. Reopening as a restitutio in integrum: The ECtHR Perspective. – 3. Reopening Criminal Proceedings in Member States. – 3.1. Availability of reopening. – 3.2. Competent court. – 3.3. Who can seek reopening? – 3.4. Erga omnes effect and beneficium cohaesionis. – 3.5. Unilateral declaration and friendly settlement as a ground for reopening. – 3.6. Time limits. – 4. Reopening Civil and Administrative Proceedings. – 4.1. Why not reopen? – 4.2. Competent court. – 4.3. Who can seek reopening? – 4.4. Unilateral declaration and friendly settlement as a ground for reopening. – 4.5. Time limits. – 5. Concluding Remarks.

Summary: 1. The Distinction of Natural Law and Positive Law – 2. On Theories of Natural Law as Theories of Justice. – 3. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. The Background and Methodology of the Study on Judicial Control over Pre-trial Proceedings in Criminal Cases. – 3. Preventive Measures in Criminal Procedure and Its Indicators in the Republic of Kazakhstan. – 4. Conclusions.

Summary: Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. European Mediation Policy and Its Implementation in the Baltic States. – 3. Mediation Models in the Baltic States. – 3.1. Mediation in Lithuania. – 3.1.1. Mediation in Civil Justice. – 3.1.2. Mediation in Administrative Justice. – 3.1.3. Mediation in Criminal Justice. – 3.2. Mediation in Latvia. – 3.2.1. Mediation in Civil Justice. – 3.2.2. Mediation in Administrative Justice. – 3.2.3. Mediation in Criminal Justice. – 3.3. Mediation in Estonia. – 3.2.1. Mediation in Civil Justice. – 3.2.2. Mediation in Administrative Justice. – 3.2.3. Mediation in Criminal Justice. – 4. Comparison of the Developed Mediation Models in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia and Recommendations for the Future. – 5. Conclusions

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Examination of the Structure of the European Banking System. – 3. Conclusions and Proposals.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Experience of States in the Advocacy of Competition. – 3. State Policy for the Advocacy of Competition in Ukraine. – 3.1. The EU. – 3.2. The USA. – 3.3. The Mexican US. – 3.4. Brazil. – 3.5. The South African Republic. – 4. State Policy of Advocacy of Competition in Ukraine. – 5. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Preliminary Control: General Remarks. – 3. Explicit Preliminary Judicial Control. – 4. Implicit Preliminary Judicial Control. – 5. Conclusions.

Find more about AJEE, the last issue and scholarly publishing amid war in our Editor-in-Chief's Note

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Enforcement of MSAs: Preliminary Remarks. – 2.1. Voluntariness in mediation and the enforcement of MSAs: the effectiveness issue. – 2.2 The recognition and enforcement of MSAs: a general understanding. – 3. Enforcement of MSAs at the National Level: The Experience of Austria and Ukraine. – 3.1 Notarial deed. – 3.2 Approval of the agreement by arbitration. – 3.3 Approval of the agreement by the court. – 4. Enforcement of MSAs in Cross-border Disputes: EU and Ukrainian Perspectives. – 4.1 The Brussels Ia Regulation and the enforcement of MSAs. – 4.2 The New York Convention and the enforcement of MSAs approved by the international commercial arbitration. – 4.3 The Singapore Convention as a global regulation of the enforcement of MSAs resulting from international commercial mediation. – 5. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Theoretical Principles of Judicial Protection of Local Self-Government Rights. – 3. Judicial Opinions of National Courts in Cases Concerning the Protection of Local Self-Government Rights. – 3. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Distinguishing between applicable substantive and procedural law in international commercial arbitration. – 3. Scope of application of procedural law. – 4. Autonomy of will and procedural law. – 5. The rights of the parties to choose the procedural law. – 6. Choice of procedural law. – 7. The influence of the seat of arbitration on the choice of procedural law. – 8. Conclusions.

Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Scientific Views and the Legislative Dimension. – 3. Law Enforcement Practice of the ECtHR. – 4. Significance of the Contract as a Source of Establishing Methods of Protection. – 5. Models of Establishing Methods of Protection in the Contract. – 6. Concluding Remarks.

Summary: 1. Introduction to ne bis in idem in Criminal Proceedings. – 2. The Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms: The First Step towards the Europeanisation of ne bis in idem in All Types of Proceedings. – 3. The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union: A Step Forward or a ‘copy’ of the Convention? – 4. The Convention Implementing the Schengen Agreement: Recognition of ne bis in idem at the Inter-state Level. – 5. The European Convention on Extradition: Ne bis in idem in the Traditional Scheme on Extradition. – 6. Legislative Instruments in the Field of Mutual Recognition of Judicial Decisions in Criminal Proceedings: Ne bis in idem in the Modern Scheme of Co-operation in Criminal Matters. – 7. Conclusions.