Legal Challenges of AI And Automation in the Workplace
Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Methodology. – 3. The Legal Challenges of Automation in the Workplace. – 3.1. Automation and Discrimination in the Workplace. – 3.2. Automation and Privacy Violation in the Workplace. – 3.3. Automation and Liability in the Workplace. – 3.4. Automation and IP in the Workplace. – 3.4.1. Determination of Ownership. – 3.4.2. AI Infringement and Liability. – 5. Conclusion.
Background: In recent years, the development of AI has increased, and employers have begun to rely on AI to deliver tasks such as recruiting, mentoring, and training. This reliance has raised concerns about the legal challenge AI may impose in the workplace. Several countries have established certain guidelines to minimise this implication and ensure benefits from such technologies. Other countries have not taken any action to address the issue. This creates ambiguity for employers, employees, and third parties on how to navigate AI technologies without violating relevant laws.
Methods: The paper contributes and aims to remove the ambiguity surrounding automation and the workplace by examining how artificial intelligence affects employment and exploring possible solutions to overcome these challenges. To achieve this, the study analyses each legal issue through legal opinions, court rulings, and a review of existing laws. The research primarily focuses on the US experience while incorporating insights from other jurisdictions, including the UK, Ukraine, Korea, Japan, Australia, and Saudi Arabia. Ultimately, the study aims to examine whether AI can be effectively integrated within current legal frameworks.
Results and conclusions: The study finds that AI imposes various challenges on the workplace that challenge laws and regulations. However, it concludes that it is possible to achieve the most beneficial outcome with the adoption of several legal alterations that ensure protection, justice, and values.
Abstract
Background: In recent years, the development of AI has increased, and employers have begun to rely on AI to deliver tasks such as recruiting, mentoring, and training. This reliance has raised concerns about the legal challenge AI may impose in the workplace. Several countries have established certain guidelines to minimise this implication and ensure benefits from such technologies. Other countries have not taken any action to address the issue. This creates ambiguity for employers, employees, and third parties on how to navigate AI technologies without violating relevant laws.
Methods: The paper contributes and aims to remove the ambiguity surrounding automation and the workplace by examining how artificial intelligence affects employment and exploring possible solutions to overcome these challenges. To achieve this, the study analyses each legal issue through legal opinions, court rulings, and a review of existing laws. The research primarily focuses on the US experience while incorporating insights from other jurisdictions, including the UK, Ukraine, Korea, Japan, Australia, and Saudi Arabia. Ultimately, the study aims to examine whether AI can be effectively integrated within current legal frameworks.
Results and conclusions: The study finds that AI imposes various challenges on the workplace that challenge laws and regulations. However, it concludes that it is possible to achieve the most beneficial outcome with the adoption of several legal alterations that ensure protection, justice, and values.
About Authors
Abdulaziz Abdulrhman Mohammed Alkhalifa
PhD in Law, Assistant Professor, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8803-8596
Corresponding author, responsible for writing, reviewing and editing this article.
Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed.
Disclaimer: The author declares that his opinion and views expressed in this manuscript are free of any impact of any organizations.
Acknowledgements
This study is supported via funding from Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University project number (PSAU/2024/02/30737)
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АНОТАЦІЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЮ МОВОЮ
Дослідницька стаття
ПРАВОВІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ШТУЧНОГО ІНТЕЛЕКТУ ТА АВТОМАТИЗАЦІЇ НА РОБОЧОМУ МІСЦІ
Абдулазіз Абдулрхман Мохаммед Альхаліфа
АНОТАЦІЯ
Вступ. Останніми роками розробка ШІ зросла, і роботодавці почали покладатися на ШІ для виконання таких завдань, як підбір персоналу, наставництво та навчання. Ця залежність викликала занепокоєння щодо правових проблем, які може спричинити використання штучного інтелекту на робочому місці. Кілька країн встановили певні вказівки, щоб мінімізувати цей вплив і забезпечити переваги таких технологій. Інші країни не вжили жодних заходів для вирішення проблеми. Це створює неоднозначність для роботодавців, працівників і третіх сторін щодо того, як орієнтуватися в технологіях ШІ, не порушуючи відповідні закони.
Методи. Метою статті є усунення неоднозначності щодо автоматизації та робочого місця, за допомогою дослідження того, як штучний інтелект впливає на зайнятість, і які є можливі рішення для подолання цих проблем. Щоб досягти цього, у роботі було проаналізоване кожне правове питання через юридичні висновки, судові рішення та перегляд чинних законів. У статті увага, в першу чергу, зосереджена на досвіді США, одночасно враховуючи інформацію з інших юрисдикцій, включно з Великобританією, Україною, Кореєю, Японією, Австралією та Саудівською Аравією. Зрештою, у дослідженні поставлено мету перевірити, чи можна ефективно інтегрувати штучний інтелект у чинне законодавство.
Результати та висновки. У дослідженні показано, що штучний інтелект створює різні проблеми на робочому місці, які суперечать законам і нормам. Проте було зроблено висновок, що можна досягти більш сприятливого результату за умови прийняття низки законодавчих змін, які забезпечать захист, справедливість і дотримання цінностей.
Ключові слова: ШІ та IВ, автоматизація та робоче місце, ШI та дискримінація, ШI та порушення конфіденційності, відповідальність за ШI на робочому місці, право власності на IВ, ШI та порушення.
Publication history
-
Date of acceptance - 14 Feb 2025
Date of publication online first – 17 Mar 2025
Date of publication: 14 May 2025Whether the manuscript was fast tracked – No
Number of reviewer report submitted in first round – 2 reports
Number of revision rounds – 1 round with minor revisions
Managing editor – Mag. Bohdana Zahrebelna. English Editor – Julie Bold.
Ukrainian Language Editor – Mag. Liliia Hartman.
How to cite it?
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Abdulaziz A. M. Alkhalifa, ‘Legal Challenges of AI And Automation in the Workplace’ (2025) 8(2) Access to Justice in Eastern Europe <https://doi.org/10.33327/AJEE-18-10.0-a000398>
Date of publication: 14 May 2025
