Concepts and Features of Administrative Contracts through the Prism of Regulatory Provisions and Judicial Practice in Ukraine
Summary: 1. Introduction. – 2. Theoretical approaches to the definition and classification of administrative contracts. – 3. The definition of administrative contracts and their types in Ukrainian legislation. – 4. The definition and characteristics of administrative contracts in the laws and judicial practice of other countries. – 5. Characteristics of administrative contracts in the decisions of national courts. – 6. Conclusions.
Abstract
Background: The article provides information on how the definition of an administrative contract was developed in Ukraine. Initially this concept was enshrined in the Code of Administrative Proceedings of Ukraine (hereinafter - the Code). Before the adoption of the Code, that is, until 2005, this phenomenon had been studied fragmentarily in the legal literature. We can name only a few authors who made attempts to investigate the issues of defining an administrative contract in order to identify its features and types comprehensively. Theoretical approaches to the definition and classification of administrative contracts are presented, and their main characteristics are outlined. It is noted that the subject structure of these contracts determines that in connection with the fulfilment of their conditions, each of the parties achieves the desired goal: the representative of the government strives for socially significant results, and the individual - for the satisfaction of private interests. The definition of an administrative contract fixed in the Code of Administrative Proceedings of Ukraine was analysed and it was concluded that it is suitable for the purposes of applying the procedural law. The article also examines the issue of whether compromise agreements belong to the category of administrative agreements.
Methods: At the beginning of the study, theoretical approaches to defining administrative contracts and the identification of their features and classification are presented and differences in the positions of Ukrainian researchers studying the relevant issues are outlined. Subsequently, the legislative definition of the administrative contract is analysed and it is determined whether it is based on the theoretical developments presented above. The court decisions interpreting the normative provisions establishing the features and types of administrative contracts are summarised and we discovered whether Ukrainian judges turn to research sources in order to make such an interpretation and substantiate their positions. Consistent study of the theoretical developments, normative documents, and practical cases of applying the rules concerning administrative contracts allowed us to reach certain conclusions, which will be useful both to research scholars in the field and representatives of authorities who apply the specified rules.
Results and Conclusions: Examples of court decisions are given, which consider the features of administrative contracts in the context of determining the judicial jurisdiction of disputes arising as a result of their conclusion, execution or termination. The position stated in these decisions is supported, according to which the contract cannot be considered administrative if it is concluded in accordance with the rules of civil or economic legislation. Disagreement was expressed with the statement that in the case of concluding an administrative contract, one of its parties, namely a subject of power, must necessarily perform management functions in relation to the other party, and arguments are given to support such disagreement. The need to define an administrative contract, establish the grounds and general procedure for its conclusion, execution and termination are substantiated in the Law of Ukraine "On Administrative Procedure".
About Authors
Pysarenko Nadiia
Doctor of Science (Law), Associate Professor at Administrative Law Department, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
n.b.pysarenko@nlu.edu.ua https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2159-5459
Corresponding author, responsible for conceptualisation, data curation, methodology and writing. Dr. Pysarenko is responsible for ensuring that the descriptions and the manuscript are accurate and agreed upon by all authors.
Competing interests: The authors declares that no competing interests exist, including those related to her service as a member of the Scientific and Advisory Board of the Supreme Court. Disclaimer: The author declares that her opinion and views expressed in this manuscript are free of any impact of any organisations.
Bytiak Yurii
Doctor of Science (Law), Professor at Administrative Law Department, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Kharkiv, Ukraine
yu.p.bytyak@nlu.edu.ua
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4774-4299
Co-author, responsible for methodology, data collection and writing. Competing interests: No competing interests were declared. Disclaimer: The author declares that his opinion and views expressed in this manuscript are free of any impact of any organisations.
Balakarieva Iryna
Cand. of Science of Law (Equiv. Ph.D.), Assistant Professor at Administrative Law Department, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Kharkiv, Ukraine i.m.balakaryeva@nlu.edu.ua https://orcid.org/0000- 0001-8312-0216
Co-author, responsible for methodology, data collection and writing. Competing interests: No competing interests were declared. Disclaimer: The author declares that her opinion and views expressed in this manuscript are free of any impact of any organisations.
Marchenko Olena
Cand. of Science of Law (Equiv. Ph.D.), Associate Professor at Administrative Law Department, Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University, Kharkiv, Ukraine o.o.marchenko@nlu.edu.ua https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6988-2430
Co-author, responsible for methodology, data collection and writing. Competing interests: No competing interests were declared. Disclaimer: The author declares that her opinion and views expressed in this manuscript are free of any impact of any organisations.
Translation: The content of this article was translated with the participation of third parties under the authors’ responsibility.
Managing editor – Dr. Tetiana Tsuvina. English Editor – Lucy Baldwin.
Copyright: © 2023 Pysarenko Nadiia, Bytiak Yurii, Balakarieva Iryna and Marchenko Olena. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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ПОНЯТТЯ АДМІНІСТРАТИВНОГО ДОГОВОРУ КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ПРАКТИКИ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ СУДІВ
Надія Писаренко, Юрій Битяк, Ірина Балакірєва та Олена Марченко
У статті надано інформацію відносно того, як формувалася дефініція адміністративного договору в Україні. Представлено теоретичні підходи до визначення та класифікації адміністративних договорів, окреслено головні їх характеристики. Зауважено, що суб’єктний склад таких договорів обумовлює те, що у зв’язку із виконанням їх умов кожна зі сторін досягає бажаної мети: представник влади прагне до суспільно значущих результатів, а приватна особа – до задоволення приватних інтересів. Піддано аналізу дефініцію адміністративного договору, закріплену в Кодексі адміністративного судочинства України; встановлено, що вона придатна для цілей застосування процесуального закону. Наведено приклади судових рішень, в яких розглянуто риси адміністративних договорів у контексті визначення судової юрисдикції спорів, що виникли внаслідок їх укладання, виконання чи припинення. Підтримано викладену у таких рішеннях позицію, за якою не можна вважати договір адміністративним, якщо укладено його відповідно до правил цивільного чи господарського законодавства. Висловлено незгоду із твердженням про те, що у разі укладання адміністративного договору одна із його сторін, а саме, суб’єкт влади має обов’язково здійснювати управлінські функції стосовно іншої сторони; наведено аргументи на підкріплення такої незгоди. Обґрунтовано необхідність визначення адміністративного договору, встановлення підстав і загального порядку його укладання, а також порядку виконання та припинення в Законі України «Про адміністративну процедуру».
How to cite it?
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Pysarenko N, Bytiak Yu, Balakarieva I, Marchenko O ‘Concepts and Features of Administrative Contracts through the Prism of Regulatory Provisions and Judicial Practice in Ukraine’ 2023 1(18) Access to Justice in Eastern Europe 147-167. https://doi.org/10.33327/AJEE-18-6.1-n000118
